Annotated Bibliography

Cullen, Mark R, Clint Cummins, and Victor R Fuchs. "Geographic And Racial Variation In Premature Mortality In The U.S.: Analyzing The Disparities." Plos One 7.4 (2012): e32930. MEDLINE. Web. 15 Feb. 2013.

This source covers large differences in life expectancy compared to different regions of the country. Life expectancy at birth, estimated from U.S period life tables, has been show to vary systematically and widely by region and race. Recent very intense investigation and reporting of regional differences in health care delivery, cost and quality as well as evidence of historic and ongoing racial disparities in care between whites and blacks have highlighted the role of these factors, although estimates of their contribution to mortality rates remain uncertain. I think these quotes will support my paper by adding different controversies and ideas about my topic on child mortality.

Mumford, Brett. Personal interview. 15 Feb. 2013.

Shore, Rima, Barbara Shore, and Foundation Annie E. Casey. "Reducing The Child Death Rate.

Progress has occurred slower than newborn and older babies less than five years old supports the

notion that good data leads to awareness, and awareness leads to actions. Reasons for declining

rates.   

Singh GK. Child Mortality in the United States, 1935-2007: Large Racial and Socioeconomic

Disparities Have Persisted Over Time. A 75th Anniversary Publication. Health Resources and

services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau.Rockville, Maryland: U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services; 2010.

Racial, socioeconomic and geographic differences continue to be substantial, black children

experience 50 percent higher risk that white. Unintentional injuries, cancer, birth defects,

homicide, heart disease, and suicide were the leading causes of death in older children aged 5-14,

accounting for 70 percent of all deaths in 07, 37 percent of these deaths were motor vehicle

accidents.

Spiliopoulou, et al. "Trends In Infant And Child Mortality." Open Forensic Science Journal 4.(2011): 1-11. Academic Search Complete. Web. 15 Feb. 2013.

This source covers the main causes of deaths in infants and how autopsy evidence helps us derive valuable information.  Specifically, between 1980 and 2003, death rates dropped by 46% for infants, 51% for ages 1 to 4, 44% for children ages 5 to 14 and 32% for teens ages 15 to 19. The fact worth mentioning is that both these rates tend to  decline almost steadily since they were first written down, in the 1930’s, although the rates of decrease vary each year and depending on the country. These quotes will add to my paper by giving me the information I need about specific numbers/dates about child deaths.

Lindenmeyer, Kriste. "The U.s. Children's Bureau and Infant Mortality in the Progressive Era." Journal of Education. 177.3 (1995): 57-69. Print.

This article describes the course of the US Children's Bureau's work in the Progressive Era. First governmental agency established solely to consider the problems of children. This source covers documenting why babies die, formulating solutions to save babies lives, and a legacy for twentieth-century welfare police. Of the 1,551 mothers interviewed, ethnicity was listed as follows: 854 native-born white, 6 African American, 394 Slovak or Polish, 76 Serbo-Croatian, 75 Italian, 53 German, 38 Magyar, 33 British, 12 Syrian and Greek, and 10 Hebrew. Children of native-born mothers had a much better chance of survival than did those of foreign-born mothers. These quotes will give an example of how child morality is vastly spread out.

Szarkowski, Lisa. "Child Mortality Rate Drops by a Third since 1990." :: UNICEF USA. N.p.,

16 Sept. 2010. Web. 15 Feb. 2013.

22,000 children under five still die each day, with some 70 percent of those deaths occurring in the first year of the child’s life.

Miller, CA. "Infant Mortality in the U.S." Scientific American. 253.1 (1985): 31-7. Print.

This source explains how the U.S infant mortality rate has diminished over time. To reach the goal of an infant mortality rate of 9/1000 by 1990 requires the implementation of public policies that include assured access to comprehensive perinatal care, guaranteed maternity leaves, job protection during the leave, and cash benefits equal to a significant portion of wages during the leave. They point instead to such factors as the high rate of teenage pregnancy, the use of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs by many pregnant women, and the complex racial mixture of the US population. These quotes can support my paper by showing that infant mortality can be our own fault by abusing substances and etc…

Ramage, John D., John C. Bean, and June Johnson. Writing Arguments: A Rhetoric with Readings. 9th ed. Boston: Pearson Education, 2012. Print.

I plan on using this source by citing information that helps others see a point of view from a different perspective. Using strategies from this book can help others understand my evidence in a rhetorical way. If I define the feature of an argument (pg.9) then others can examine my argument/point of view in more detail. These quotes can support my paper by making it easier to follow.

Ties Boerma, et al. “Tracking Progress Towards The Millennium Development Goals: Reaching

Consesus On Child Mortality Levels and Trends.” Bulletin Of The World Health

Organization 84.3 (2006): 225-232.  Academic Search Complete.Web. 12 Mar. 2013  

Increased commitment to tracking  progress in child mortality has drawn attention to a number of

interrelated technical, operational and political challenges and to the underlying weaknesses of

health information systems in many countries.

Walker, Jade. "U.S. Mortality Rate: Deaths Surpass 2.5 Million For The First Time." The

Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 10 Oct. 2012. Web. 15 Feb. 2013.

Taking points of view, being open minded on certain situations.